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List of Subordinating Conjunctions

What follows is a list of common subordinating conjunctions used in the English language:

* after
* although
* as
* as if
* as long as
* as much as
* as soon as
* as though
* because
* before
* even
* even if
* even though
* if
* if only
* if when
* if then
* inasmuch
* in order that
* just as
* lest
* now
* now since
* now that
* now when
* once
* provided
* provided that
* rather than
* since
* so that
* supposing
* than
* that
* though
* til
* unless
* until
* when
* whenever
* where
* whereas
* where if
* wherever
* whether
* which
* while
* who
* whoever
* why

What Is a Subordinating Conjunction?

Out of the three different kinds of conjunctions (coordinating, correlative and subordinating), subordinating conjunctions are the most difficult to recognize, but they are not that hard to master. In fact, you probably use them all the time without even noticing, but let’s take a closer look at them to see what’s going on.

A subordinating conjunction always introduces a dependent clause, tying it to an independent clause. The clauses can go in any order; that is, the independent or the dependent clause can come first in the sentence, but in either order, the first word of the dependent (or subordinate) clause will be the subordinating conjunction.

* after - “Your heart will break like mine, and you’ll want only me after you’ve gone” (Ella Fitzgerald).
* although - “Although I’ve been here before, he’s just too hard to ignore” (Amy Winehouse).
* as - “As I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I take a look at my life and realize there’s nothing left” (Coolio).
* as long as - “I don’t care who you are, where you’re from or what you did as long as you love me” (Backstreet Boys).
* because - “I’m everything I am because you loved me” (Celine Dion).
* before - “Just call me angel of the morning, angel. Just touch my cheek before you leave me, baby” (Juice Newton).
* even if - “Even if the sky is falling down, you’ll be my only” (Jay Sean).
* if - “If you leave me now, you’ll take away the biggest part of me” (Peter Cetera/Chicago).
* once - “Once you pop, you can’t stop” (Pringles commercials).
* now that - “Baby, now that I’ve found you, I won’t let you go” (Tony Macaulay/John MacLeod).
* since - “I guess I’ll never be the same since I fell for you” (B.B. King).
* though - “Walk on through the wind, walk on through the rain though your dreams be tossed and blown” (Rodgers and Hammerstein).
* unless - “We’re never going to survive unless we get a little crazy” (Seal).
* until - “[You] don’t know what you’ve got ‘til it’s gone” (Cinderella).
* when - “When I see you smile, I can face the world” (Bad English).
* where - “There’s a light burning bright, showing me the way, but I know where I’ve been” (Scott Wittman).
* while - “I look at the world, and I notice it’s turning while my guitar gently weeps” (The Beatles).